Ubuntu 14.04 defaults to MySQL 5.5, but also has MySQL 5.6 available for installation from the universe archive. Installing 5.6 is as easy as specifying the version, apt-get install mysql-server-5.6:
root@ubuntu1404:~# apt-get install mysql-server-5.6
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
libaio1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libmysqlclient18 libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client-5.6 mysql-client-core-5.6 mysql-common
mysql-common-5.6 mysql-server-core-5.6
Suggested packages:
libclone-perl libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libplrpc-perl libsql-statement-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libaio1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libmysqlclient18 libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client-5.6 mysql-client-core-5.6 mysql-common
mysql-common-5.6 mysql-server-5.6 mysql-server-core-5.6
0 upgraded, 12 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 21.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 164 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libaio1 amd64 0.3.109-4 [6,364 B]
Get:2 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main mysql-common all 5.5.35+dfsg-1ubuntu1 [14.1 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libmysqlclient18 amd64 5.5.35+dfsg-1ubuntu1 [593 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libdbi-perl amd64 1.630-1 [879 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libdbd-mysql-perl amd64 4.025-1 [99.3 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libterm-readkey-perl amd64 2.31-1 [27.4 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-client-core-5.6 amd64 5.6.16-1~exp1 [4,084 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-client-5.6 amd64 5.6.16-1~exp1 [5,591 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-server-core-5.6 amd64 5.6.16-1~exp1 [4,333 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-server-5.6 amd64 5.6.16-1~exp1 [5,839 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libhtml-template-perl all 2.95-1 [65.5 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe mysql-common-5.6 all 5.6.16-1~exp1 [14.9 kB]
Fetched 21.5 MB in 5s (3,760 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
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ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
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Setting up libaio1:amd64 (0.3.109-4) ...
Setting up libmysqlclient18:amd64 (5.5.35+dfsg-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libdbi-perl (1.630-1) ...
Setting up libdbd-mysql-perl (4.025-1) ...
Setting up libterm-readkey-perl (2.31-1) ...
Setting up mysql-client-core-5.6 (5.6.16-1~exp1) ...
Setting up mysql-client-5.6 (5.6.16-1~exp1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-core-5.6 (5.6.16-1~exp1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.6 (5.6.16-1~exp1) ...
2014-04-21 11:50:07 0 [Warning] Using unique option prefix key_buffer instead of key_buffer_size is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the full name instead.
2014-04-21 11:50:07 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
mysql start/running, process 2355
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.95-1) ...
Setting up mysql-common-5.6 (5.6.16-1~exp1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
And then:
root@ubuntu1404:~# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 45
Server version: 5.6.16-1~exp1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select version();
+---------------+
| version() |
+---------------+
| 5.6.16-1~exp1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Update: A slightly more detailed tutorial for this is available here. Thank you internet!